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The Credit Card Company Everybody Hates

By COLIN BARR, FORTUNE
Posted: 2009-05-19 14:59:32

credit cards
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Fortune

The credit card business has grown so wretched that one major issuer is clipping its customers' cards and giving its investors a haircut.

Advanta (ADVNA), the nation's No. 14 card issuer and a top lender to small businesses, said last week it will shut down its card business to stem losses. The move is a momentous one, because credit cards bring in nearly all Advanta's revenue.

The company will close customer accounts next month, leaving a million borrowers looking for credit at a time when lenders are pulling back. And Advanta's small-business customers aren't the only ones in limbo: So are the investors whose bond purchases financed Advanta's expansion over the past decade.

The firm says notes due to mature next month won't be repaid in full on schedule. Advanta is offering to buy some bondholders out at a roughly 30% discount.

The news comes as Advanta, which last month reported a $76 million first-quarter loss, struggles to stanch the bleeding as more customers fall behind on payments.

"The stress rises as you get more delinquencies," said Steven Mann, a professor at the University of South Carolina's Moore School of Business. "Then you see these companies start to break the glass in case of fire."

Shallow pockets?

Delinquencies, measuring accounts a month or more past due, hit 11.5% in April, Advanta said -- down slightly from its March level, but more than double the year-ago tally.

Advanta isn't the only bank struggling to deal with late payments. Delinquencies have risen sharply at bigger issuers as well, ranging from Bank of America (BAC, Fortune 500), JPMorgan Chase (JPM, Fortune 500) and Citigroup (C, Fortune 500) to Capital One and American Express.

But those companies are much bigger and have deeper pockets, after years of consolidation at the top of the U.S. banking industry.

BofA, JPMorgan and Citi -- the three big diversified issuers - together accounted for more than half of 2008 U.S. credit card lending. Advanta sold most of its consumer credit card portfolio to Fleet Financial in 1997. Fleet was later acquired by BofA.

What's more, none of the bigger issuers has posted numbers as dire as Advanta's. Capital One (COF, Fortune 500) and American Express (AXP, Fortune 500) both passed the government's stress tests without having to raise new capital.

Advanta may have made its problems worse by jacking up some customers' interest rates, prompting them to cancel.

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John Dykstra, a computer consultant in Kenmore, Wash., was spending between $2,000 and $3,000 a month on an Advanta rewards card before the company gave notice in August of a plan to boost his rate to 26% from 8%.

"It just ticked me off that they would triple my rate," he said. "It seems like they made some bad business choices."

Cutting its losses

The latest steps Advanta has proposed aren't ones credit card issuers take lightly. Closing accounts makes outstanding balances harder to collect and eliminates income from the fees issuers charge merchants.

"Advanta's stated intention to terminate cardholders' charging privileges is likely to cause an acceleration of losses measured as a percentage of the pool, as the trust portfolio reduces in size due to charge-offs and payments," analysts at Moody's wrote Friday in downgrading 23 classes of Advanta credit card-backed securities.

The Moody analysts added they expect charge-offs to increase to a range of between 40% and 50%, from 17.3% in March.

In turn, investors in the securities issued by the credit card trust can expect smaller payouts, as the trust unwinds in a process known as early amortization. Advanta plans to offer to buy back $1.4 billion in outstanding bonds issued by the credit card trust, at between 65 and 75 cents on the dollar.

Advanta says that rate is in line with the recent trading in the Advanta Business Card Master Trust Class A senior notes, but investors aren't likely to look fondly on the decision.

Indeed, Advanta spent months claiming it wouldn't come to this. The company said in January that "early amortization for our business credit card master trust is avoidable and the company does not expect it to occur."

But credit card defaults continued to surge, prompting Advanta to shift its focus to cutting its losses. Under the new approach, the company said last week, Advanta "will be free to do new business in the future to the extent it chooses, but it does not expect to do so in a significant way until implementation of the plan is well under way."

'Everybody hates them'

Though all the credit card-issuing banks are dealing with rising delinquencies, Advanta is the first in recent years to allow outside investors to take losses on its credit card-backed securities.

This spring, both Bank of America and Citigroup bought bonds from their credit card securitization trusts to make sure bondholders wouldn't suffer losses even if the downturn steepens. In those moves, BofA contributed $6 billion and Citi $3 billion to cushion against future losses that could threaten the trusts' income streams.

The bigger problem for major issuers stems from their own poor behavior during the boom, said Myron Glucksman, a structured finance consultant.

He said the public has grown exasperated with huge rate increases, excessive fees and unclear disclosure.

That's why the Federal Reserve last year proposed new limits on fees and other restrictions, in a move that is to take effect next year. And that's why Congress is currently considering a credit card bill that would further restrict the banks' leeway to change pricing -- not to mention where you can carry a gun.

"There has to be some understanding that the industry has made a mistake," said Glucksman, who was a managing director in Citi's corporate and investment bank and owns Citi shares. "They're facing a situation where not only are delinquencies rising, but everybody hates them."

2009-05-03 15:02:45
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249 comments

travelseminars1 03:43:12 PM Oct 21 2009

AMEX Went from 300 K down to about 4k on our business lines of credit-. Effectively killing our 36 year old company . Also, now 6 months later they are trying to go after our owner (my Dad) 74 years old on a fixed income for personal responsibilty - for co signing what was clearly a corporate card. Member Since loyalty program means nothing to them! Give Amex an BIG rasberry! Alice

c4raym 06:19:12 AM Jun 11 2009

i do not have credit cards i have bank stock get on the right side of the credit business

paesanofoodsinc 05:56:17 AM Jun 11 2009

CAPITOL ONE continuation comment from june 10th. now advanta cancelled my credit line ,i went back to CAPITOL ONE AND TO MY SURPRISE I FOUND THAT MY CREDIT LINE IS $500.00(from 33.000.00) because i dint use the card for a year .that for a bussiness account is not sufficient to buy an ice cream cone.my retail bussiness processes appx. four millions in costumer charge cards receipts per year.should i post a sign "NO CAPITOL ONE CARDS ACCEPTED" AT CHECK OUT REGISTERS .ANY SUGGESTIONS FROM ANY ONE IS APPRECIATED.thank you

opex9718 03:28:48 AM Jun 11 2009

i love being a socialist, i will watch all my fellow American country men and women being raped in the ass by these capitalist while they continue to be brain washed into thinking that capitalism = freedom.Its a damn shame that our government cant give its poeple there own bank and there own credit issued to the poeple by there government that they(the poeple) already own becouse its called socailism<a name that is a scare tactic,but its just fine to let these companys rape you with no grease or lube becouse capitalism is supposed to be a good thing.Its funny how everything that gives back or benifits the poeple of our country is socailism but raping and screwing the American poeple over is called freedom.You can kiss my ass if you dont like my post!

imcultec 02:37:35 AM Jun 11 2009

Hey.. U forgot to mention GE Credit... They and JP Morgan Chase are charging rates considered USURY a few years ago. Talk'n about CROOKS in ties..Congresses so-called bill, to curb the credit card companies, from abusing their card-holders is a standing joke. Congress is a standing joke. So there U have it... The Jokers are running wild and the people are caught with a losing hand.. UP with the People.. Down with the Credit Card Sharks and D.C 's INEPT politicians

paesanofoodsinc 09:16:26 PM Jun 10 2009

CAPITOL ONE ,a year ago i boked a flight with their travel dept. and used 120.000.00 points and paid $50.00 in insurance ,just in case we had to change the departure date.destination was bend,oregon,for me and my wife.the reason for the trip was for a same day surgical prosedure for my wife.well from same day we wound up staying a week in the hospital.therefore we had to change teparture.when i called capitol one travel to ghange the departure they advised me that the original tickets were now void and had to purchase new ones,because it was tetermined by them that we were aware that the dates were going to be changed before we purchased them.with this said i had to purchase new tickets and lost my 120.000.00 points plus the $50.00 in insurance.i called,i wrote,i did everything possible to get my points returned to no avail.because of that i stopped using CAPITOL ONE with a credit line of $33.000.00 but kept the account open with zero balance.and swithched to ADVANTA .now advanta cance

mortgageprotec1 05:11:21 PM Jun 10 2009

Some credit card companies are real thieves. We now that the present govermentwill take care of some companies.Alex

babaassoci 05:01:53 PM Jun 10 2009

The same thing happened to us. Citibank raised our interest rate from 9% to 25% and we don't even owe them anything. AMEX cut our credit line in half and all we owed them was $330.00. B of A also raised our interest rate from 13% to 21%. The only card we really owed anything on is our Home Depot card (done some home remodeling recently) and they also raised our interest rate from 16% to 24%. And for those of you who don't know, Home Depot's credit card is through Citibank. We also had a chase credit card with no balance and that credit card was totally canceled...they said because we didn't use it. And yet, my wife used it for some Christmas shopping for 2008. I don't know any business that can raise interest rates so drastically or charge more money for services on a whim than the banks, utility companies and insurance companies. Just think, if we could all increase our paychecks by demanding more money for the work we do, like the banks, insurance and utility companies do (o

ibbhaven 04:55:54 PM Jun 10 2009

I'm glad Advanta is closing accounts. If a credit client has good credit, they won't have any problem being approved by another credit card company. Too much credit has been given to the generations who know nothing of budgeting or financial realities. "Creative financing" where homeowners don't have to put a penny down on the purchase of a brand new 4 to 5 bedroom home costing at least $120,000.00 (in Missouri). These are the people the banks backed and got stuck with. A huge down payment should be required towards the purchase of a property. It shows the buyer has an interest in the property, too. And, that it has taught them to save for what they want. I have credit cards, but I never pay interest - because I budget myself. I use my cards, and pay the balance each month. If I had to pay interest, it would prove I can't afford the expense. I have both personal and corporate credit cards (for me and my corporation) and pay no interest - ever. this makes a credit card a co

s3617 02:02:23 PM Jun 10 2009

Whats wrong with this picture, Banks bailed out with our money, you request assistance from them ie: lower rate, lower payment, they could care less. All they have to do is get it from the endless flow of cash from Washington, when we fail to pay. I guess they are sucured all the way around. Shame on the citizens of this country that allow our elected officials to continue squandering our money into institutions that refuse to help us.

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